Maytag MWF4200AWS Technical Information download pdf (Page 22)

3-3

3.3.3 Well Water

As with cistern systems, households that use well water systems do not have municipally treated water

supplied directly to them. There are a few well types available, depending on the individual homeowner’s

requirements and location of the household. Regardless of the well type, a pump/pressure tank delivery

system is required. Each well type is described in more detail below.

3.3.3.1 Drilled Wells

Drilled wells are usually 152.4 mm (6”) or 203.2mm (8”) in diameter and lined with a solid pipe (well

casing). The well casing usually extends to the bottom of the well into the tapped water source. Drilled

wells are typically the deepest of wells and can reach depths of over 213 m (700 ft). The well depth, well

casing, and well cap all contribute to making this type of well the safest, as contaminated overland flow is

less likely to enter the water supply.

3.3.3.2 Dug Wells

Dug wells are typically shallower than drilled wells and have a wider opening. The shallow depth, lack of

a sealed well casing, and well cap all contribute to a greater risk of contamination by overland water

sources.

3.3.4 Surface (lake and river) Water

There are several methods available for collecting and delivering surface water to a household. In most

cases, the main objective is to eliminate any sediment that might be churned up by tides and/or waves.

Unfortunately, most delivery systems do not make considerations for smaller contaminants like bacteria,

viruses, or parasites that may enter the distribution system.

Surface water systems can use one of two delivery methods, a pump/pressure tank delivery system or a

pump that fills an elevated tank that, in turn, provides water to the household water by gravity.

3.3.4.1 Direct Pump Systems

The most common method for delivering water from surface sources is to pump it directly from the source.

A suction pipe or hose is placed into the lake or river and held above the lake or river bottom, which limits

the amount of sediment that can enter the piping. In these installations, a submersible or centrifugal/jet

pump may be used, depending on the setup.

3.3.4.2 Shore Wells

Located very close to, and sometimes in, bodies of water, this well type is directly influenced by surface

water. Shore wells typically have a casing that is submersed into the ground adjacent to the shoreline. The

main purpose of the casing is to settle out heavy particles that are churned up by daily tides and/or wave

action. Any contaminants that are light and do not settle out are likely to enter the water delivery system.

In these installations, a submersible or centrifugal/jet pump may be used, depending on the setup.

3.3.4.3 Sand Point Wells

This well type is less common, but is used in locations that have sandy beaches. A hollow conical metal

shaft is pushed into sandy ground close to the lake and attached to a water delivery system. Tiny slits in the

metal shaft allow water, but not sand, to enter and be pumped into the delivery system. This type of well

uses the natural filtration provided by the sand to remove larger particles before they reach the sand point.

Because sand point wells are usually installed close to the water source, they are affected by surface water

contaminants like organic matter, bacteria, viruses and parasites. In these installations, a centrifugal/jet

pump is required.

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Maytag MWF4200AWS Technical Information Page 22